Which Category Does Your Business Fall Into?

Before registering anything, classify your planned activity. A digital marketing/content agency producing videos, articles, or social media content for clients needs nothing more than a standard limited liability company (LLC) and the right NACE activity code. A company that broadcasts television or radio — even online — or publishes a print periodical falls under separate regulation.

ActivityGoverning bodyLicense needed?
Content/PR/digital marketing agency (client work, no own channel)Trade registry + tax office onlyNo special license
TV or radio broadcast (including IPTV)RTÜK (Radio and Television Supreme Council)Broadcast license required
Large online video/audio platform above RTÜK's audience/revenue thresholdRTÜK (internet broadcast licensing, extended in 2019)Possibly — verify current thresholds
Printed newspaper or periodicalLocal Chief Public Prosecutor's Office (Press Law declaration)Beyanname (declaration) required

Setting Up the Company

Most foreign-owned content businesses register as a limited şirket (LLC). You will need a notarized articles of association, a registered office address, a tax identification number, and Trade Registry filing. Foreign shareholders face no ownership cap for digital content agencies — 100% foreign ownership is standard.

If you plan to publish a printed newspaper or magazine, Turkey's Press Law (Basın Kanunu) requires a formal declaration (beyanname) filed with the Chief Public Prosecutor's Office in the province where the publication is based, and a "sorumlu yazı işleri müdürü" (responsible managing editor) who meets residency and citizenship conditions set out in the law. This step is separate from, and in addition to, commercial registration.

Broadcasting and the RTÜK License

Television or radio broadcasting — terrestrial, cable, satellite, or over IPTV — requires a license from RTÜK. Turkey also extended a form of licensing to certain large online broadcasting platforms; if your content strategy includes a dedicated streaming channel with significant reach, get a current compliance check from a Turkish media lawyer before launch, since thresholds and rules are periodically updated.

Press Cards and Accreditation for Staff

Journalists and editorial staff working for a registered media company can apply for a Turkish press card (Basın Kartı) through the Presidency's Directorate of Communications. Foreign correspondents based in Turkey generally need separate foreign press accreditation, which is a personal credential, not a company registration.

Practical Steps to Launch

  • Decide whether your output is client-service content (agency model) or your own broadcast/publication (regulated model)
  • Register an LLC with the correct NACE code for advertising, publishing, or broadcasting activity
  • If publishing print, file the Press Law declaration with the local prosecutor's office
  • If broadcasting, apply for the relevant RTÜK license before going live
  • Open a corporate bank account and register with the tax office and social security institution before hiring staff